The stock market turmoil of recent months are probably a part of the explanation. Indeed, in the previous survey in May, 55% of wealthy households thought that the decline in the stock market was behind them, and 44% felt that there was no risk of another financial crisis …

Since then, things have changed dramatically.

Consequence: the traffic is slightly disrupted Tuesday. The TGV normally roll axis except Atlantic routes, where seven out of 10 will be provided. For Transiliens – Paris commuter trains – three out of four trains roll on average during peak hours. As for the TER (regional trains), they are also three sets of four that will work.

The situation was complicated, however, on Tuesday morning in the Paris area RER B cash advance. Surla The RATP staff working on this line have invoked their right to withdraw following the discovery of asbestos on some trains.The traffic of this line is very upset: no train run from the Gare du Nord and Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse (Yvelines) between 10:30 and 16:00, and only two on a train run between 7am and 9am and from 16h .

On the other RER lines operated by the SNCF, the traffic is normal on lines A and E. Two out of three trains running on lines B and C, while 7 out of 10 trains run on the line D.

A journey of two will also be provided on average for the Intercity day, with normal traffic on the routes Paris-Clermont-Ferrand, Paris-Limoges-Toulouse and Paris-Amiens-Boulogne.

Referring to the weight of the wage bill in fixed costs, the group finance director Frederic Saint-Geours found Wednesday morning "quite likely" impact "on all the numbers," which amounted to 205,400 employees.Soon after, Philippe Varin, Chief Executive of the group, said that 10% of the European Non-dedicated to the production could be affected, or 5000 jobs in total. Knowing that in France, with 100,000 employees, temporary workers and subcontractors should be the only ones targeted by these measures he added. By late morning, PSA has already announced in the European group committee deletion of 800 temporary positions in France by the end of 2011, according to a union source quoted by AFP. In addition, Philippe Varin is scheduled to meet soon with Eric Besson, Minister of Industry.

Unions rebiffentLes unions were quick to react to this. These cuts staff have "something outrageous" Bruno Lemerle storm, CGT delegate to the committee of the European Group, deplored the "working conditions already overburdened."And adds: "The financial situation of the company is good [and] there is no reason to go to job losses." In fact, the total turnover of the group grew 3 no faxing payday loans.5% to 13.45 billion euros in the third quarter. It was worn by an increase of nearly 16% of sales of Faurecia, 7.1% of the Gefco and 6.2% of turnover by PSA Finance. The group, however, lowered its earnings forecast for 2011. On the occasion of the publication of its sales figures, the manufacturer announced it is now an operating profit of the car to balance this year when he banked before on a "clearly positive results," said Frederic Saint-Geours.

PSA made no secret of its intention to scale back on the old continent.In mid-September, Philippe Varin have already confided to Le Figaro "Identification of overstaffing," while the European market already slowing. France, Germany, Italy or Spain, the group seeks at once to "get in line" to increase its margins, said Philippe Varin. To do this, the group has initiated a comprehensive economic plan in 2009 (within which the measures of the day), to save 3.7 billion euros in all, drawing on purchases and fixed costs .

Emerging countries in their sights

Meanwhile, the manufacturer seeks to "globalize" more to take better advantage of growth drivers that are "Asia, Russia and Latin America."The group has announced on Wednesday an investment of 200 to 250 million euros a year over the period 2012-2015 in order to double its production capacity in Brazil.

Nevertheless, PSA

After these social ads, the automaker was operating under the sharply higher in late morning, gaining 2.55% to 17.50 euros.

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This is to give a little more time to the development of the answer "global" announced this weekend in Berlin by Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel. The European Council President Van Rompuy must specify the new calendar in the day, according to his entourage.

'Global response'

In Berlin, the President and the Chancellor had foreshadowed the shift by promising "sustainable solutions, comprehensive and fast before the end of the month."They also kept to define the contours, which allows to believe that the agreement is to be locked at seventeen if not two, on the key points: the recapitalization of banks and the role of the European stabilization financial, finding economically viable treatment for Greece and modification of European treaties in order to strengthen collective discipline.

Europeans to revise their copy, just three months after concocted, July 21, a plan intended to resolve the crisis in Greece and curb its spread to Italy or Spain. It has not yet been adopted by all Seventeen. The vote of Slovakia, with a coalition divided on the subject may become paralyzing veto and the euro area.

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Frederic Boulier – It is true that there are many similarities with the Kerviel affair. The amounts are lost in the same order of magnitude. Jerome Kerviel lost 4.9 billion euros at Societe Generale, but before the "unwinding" of his positions, the loss amounted to 1.5 billion euros. In addition, two young traders of thirty years who do not leave the harem and who have a priori not studied mathematics attacks.If such solutions were introduced to Jérôme Kerviel, the fraud was detected nine months in advance.

The laxity of financial institutions will he accelerate the reform of British banking system?

I do not see because the British government stand by to this new fraud. Today, a single trader can place a financial institution to its knees if there is not an effective risk control upstream. It should probably expect the introduction of special measures to strengthen the role of authorities to monitor the control of financial institutions.Since the Kerviel affair and the "subprime" mistrust vis-à-vis banks is clearly went crescendo.

Why banks have not they learned from the Kerviel affair?

It is difficult to generalize and say that the lessons of the Kerviel affair were not included. This is not the financial system is to question, even if it is true that there are likely other fraud of this magnitude. Moreover, according to statistics, there are all two or three years. We can not avoid all financial frauds. However, one can detect some with software solutions that I advanced earlier and limit losses to a few million or tens of millions of euros.

Is it the fabulous bonuses which encourage traders to take risks as important?

It is true that greed can push market participants to take some unnecessary risks. But in 99% of cases of fraud, be aware there is no direct personal gain. Traders are sometimes victims of runaway losses due to the desire to "chasing" in the jargon of traders.

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The world's largest tire with Japan's Bridgestone has also confirmed its forecast of growth in operating profit over the full year. In the first half, he totaled 971 million, up 18%.Net income increased it from 32.6% to 667 million euros, a figure above analysts' expectations.

Offset additional costs of raw materials

And over the period, the volume of the Michelin rose 12.6%, supporting the net sales that rose 21% to 10.1 billion euros over the period. The price effect also explains the increase in group sales up 9%.

And the group plans to continue to maintain a policy of raising prices to offset soaring raw materials, mainly the rise in natural rubber. The extra cost of higher commodity prices is estimated at 1.8 billion euros in a full year by the group but should be offset 100% against 80% previously.

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Unexpectedly, the debate on financial solidarity in Europe tends to resurface interregional strife. And paradoxically it is in federal countries like Germany or Belgium, the tensions appear more vivid.The euro zone should not lead to "a union transfer," insists there be beyond the Rhine. "Greater integration will not remove economic imbalances. No one knows this better than the Germans who had a similar experience there are almost twenty years during the realization of monetary union between the two Germanys, "says the weekly Der Spiegel in its edition of June 20 The Germans continue to pay until 2019, a special tax called the "Soli" (Solidarität), which has already cost 187 billion euros.

Euroscepticism in the richest regions in Europe

In Belgium, a country Europhile if any, the antagonism between Flanders and Wallonia reaches new levels. The two communities are unable to agree to form a government, the Prime Minister, Yves Leterme, is reduced to administer the routine business since April 2010.Experts struggle with blows of figures to assess the transfers flowing North Flemish Francophone south. They represent an annual 11 billion euros, according to the Flemish Institute of economy and society (Vives). False, answer the French, with this basic argument: Belgium charges taxpayers in their homes and not where they work, as recommended by the international law. If this standard was followed, Brussels, attached to the French-speaking area, recover 4 billion euros of income tax.

Euroscepticism would it be more marked in the richest regions in Europe? This is clearly the case in Italy: Northern League campaigned for the prosperous regions of the Po Valley found a form of independence political-administrative and fiscal, while maintaining the strongest prejudices vis-à-vis the euro no fax pay day loan.

Not so in contrast to France.Regional differences are however not lower than in the rest of the continent but they are resolved in a more gentle. And the Ile-de-France, and its ten million inhabitants, it is by far the most productive region of the hexagon: it polarizes alone 29% of GDP, gross domestic product of the country, but represents only 22% of the income of the French (according to figures from INSEE). The explanation for this defect is simple: on one side, 7% of payroll companies Ile-de-France are paid to employees who live outside and conversely only 14.5% French pensioners living in the Paris region.The latter is losing both ways: a significant portion of its revenues from production escapes and receives limited resources from the inactive, who prefer other lands.

Centralism French or German federalism

He welcomed such an "invisible circulation of wealth" between the territories of the Republic, in the words of happy economic geography Davezies Laurent. The Limousin and Corsica can be very productive while enjoying relative prosperity, thanks to the mobility of the French who will spend their vacation or retirement. These contributions and income of private individuals play a more fundamental transfers of public money themselves. "Similarly, the savings is in the province and bank credits in the Ile-de-France, but these movements do not create real problems protest across regions.This is probably due to mixing of populations: from birth to retirement, through studies and work, the French used to change the place throughout their lives, "noted Jean-Luc Biacabe, Director of Foresight to the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Paris.

Often criticized for its lack of centralization and autonomy of its regions, France is she a model of harmony for its neighbors? The Germans, because of their culture of federal government, are much more aware that the French fiscal federalism in the euro area is currently in practice be established. The Bundestag is alarmed by the German contribution to the European guarantees of financial stability, to 123 billion euros. The National Assembly does not seem moved by our share, yet the same magnitude because of the weight savings (three quarters).In Germany, it continues to quote the formula of Ernest Renan, 1862, "A customs union is not a nation." In Paris, the euro is considered the homeland.

The state has "a role" in the strategic industrial sectors, also recalled the president, referring to the "decades of public investment" in aeronautics and the level of credit facilities granted to the defense "despite the crisis ".So it is "no way" to abandon the research tax credit, assured Nicolas Sarkozy, adding that allocations of "20 billion euros of expenses" provided in the large loan will be confirmed "in a few days " business card templates.

• Boeing signed the first major order

Qatar Airways opened the show Monday orders. The airline, growing, has ordered six Boeing 777-300 long-haul aircraft ER for a list price of $ 1.7 billion. It already has 25 Boeing, including 15 Boeing 777. "The Boeing 777 continues to play a key role in our development strategy," said the CEO of the national airline of Qatar, Akbar Al Baker.
President Nicolas Sarkozy and Valerie Pécresse, Minister of Higher Education and Research, met the head of EADS, Louis Welsh.

Ignoring the slowdown in industrial production and inflation soaring, the Fund still expects 2.4% growth for the EU this year and 1.6% for the euro area in 2011, before 1.8% in 2012 . The IMF stressed the "strong private demand in France, Germany, Benelux, in the North, and" excellent performance "of the Germanic and Nordic exports.

The IMF is also very complimentary towards recovery "very robust" in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, fearing even a risk of "overheating" in the East."Overall, Europe – both western and eastern – is doing well and our projections for the coming months are very very positive," said Antonio Borges, Director IMF Europe, which presented its report yesterday Frankfurt, the headquarters of the European Central Bank.

In unison with European leaders, the IMF rules out the option of a debt restructuring Greek. "Greece can support the weight of its debt," says Antonio Borges, contradicting the decision of a majority of bank economists surveyed by Reuters yesterday.

First creditor of Greece alongside the EU, the IMF is not neutral on the financial situation of the country. His view is nevertheless instructive, especially if the Fund participates in a second rescue, as he implies. "Their debts are substantial (350 billion euros in 2011, Ed) but also their assets," says Antonio Borges.

Housing wealth and earthly

The Fund estimates that 280 billion euros assets, including property held by the Greek State. These assets, which could serve as collateral for new international loans, including sites built for the Olympics – Olympic stadiums, marinas, racetracks – land, islands and beaches.

The Greek state remains the largest landowner in the country. Untouchables, the property of the Orthodox Church – not separate from the state – are alone worth over 700 billion euros. "The Greek government has an extraordinary portfolio of assets, far more important than many other European countries," he continues, suggesting the government to privatize Papandreou beyond the 50 billion raised."This is a difficult process, there is resistance and political union," says the IMF representative, but Greece must persevere on this path to increase its "credibility".

The IMF figure recession in Greece – 3% in 2011. "One year after the austerity plan, it is always the hardest moment: the country suffers all the costs of adjustment even without seeing the benefits," says Antonio Borges, who remains optimistic for the relief of Greece long term.

Only downside: the European banks to recapitalize called emergency response to a possible financial impact on State debts.

This possibility seems this time even more credible, the newspaper said that the clause which requires the continued operation of the hotel business site has rightly expired last April 24. Imposed by the state group Taittinger redemption of the hotel in 1981, she ran that in thirty years. It is clear that if the hotel was sold to the cut, the fund Starwood Capital would clearly benefit much higher. Quoted by the newspaper, counsel for the heirs of the historic Martinez, Pierre Zeghmar, assesses the value of the total around 1 billion euros as qu'appartements separated, against only 300 million as a hotel.

If the mayor of Cannes denies fearing a possible sale, but it is going to take the precaution to enter the palaces in the local plan. A measure that would ensure their hotel assignment in assignments. But according to Pierre Zeghmar, "this measure will be effective after July 2011, leaving a window of the American group. Still, the Grand Hotel has recently invested, according to Deputy Mayor of Cannes David Lisnard quoted by Le Parisien – Aujourd'hui en France, five million euros to renovate the rooms before the G20, which will take place in Cannes in November. An "institution of this type, currently very profitable," is anyway always potentially for sale, "said the mayor.

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